论支配利益的多样性与物权法定主义之协调--以罗马法役权制度为角度

在罗马法上,当役权从所有权中分离出来,而具有了他物权的性质的时候,物权法定主义便随之确立.由此,物之支配利益的多样性与物权法定主义之间的矛盾就产生了.为了协调社会需求与法律需要之问的矛盾,罗马法向我们展现了诸如详尽细化、适度抽象等一系列物权法定主义的役权法律技术.这些法律技术促成了罗马法役权基础上用益物权体系的建立,为近代大陆法系民法所借鉴,并对我国物权立法具有启迪意义.     

认真对待民事习惯

内生于人们社会生活中的习惯对于国家制定法的执行影响十分重大。从民法的精神、世界多数国家的立法先例以及国家制定法的执行困境来看,民事立法对民事习惯的高度重视是十分必要的。漠视民事习惯的民事立法将会严重脱离现实,使国家制定法难以得到人们内心的认可,甚至使国家制定法被人们故意地规避。我国的民事立法应该借鉴国外重视对民事习惯的宝贵经验,确立民事习惯在民法中的补充渊源地位,广泛开展调查,化解制定法与习惯的冲突,软化立法以增强法律的社会适应性,强化司法以增强法律在人们心中的严肃感。     

21世纪中国民法之展望——海峡两岸学术研讨会综述

在我国民法典的编纂中,无论是民法典的价值判断层面还是其立法技术层面,都还存在着众多亟待澄清的问题,近期关于物权立法的争论充分表明了这一点."21世纪中国民法之展望--海峡两岸学术研讨会"以民法典的立法体例与精神内涵、民法典各编的制度构造为主题,对民法典的编纂及民法研究中的热点问题进行了研讨.     

刑事诉讼法对刑侦工作的影响和思考

刑诉法吸收了当事人主义的现代诉法思想,指导思想上强调了对犯罪嫌疑人合法权益的保护,并在侦查、起诉和审判等各个诉讼阶段都作了新的规定。因此,这势必对刑侦工作产生影响,涉及面较广:侦查阶段律师可介入刑事诉讼对刑侦工作的影响;在审判阶段将法庭举证改为公诉人举证对刑侦工作的影响。同时,这将引起对刑侦工作的新的思考:在观念上,全面强化侦查人员的“证据观念”;在思想上,全面培养刑侦人员的法律意识;在操作上,实现刑侦工作由量向质的转变。     

民法法典化探究

２１世纪依然是法典化的时代,中国社会的全面发展孕育了对民法典的强烈需求,民法文化的生成也为民法典创造了必要的主观条件。我们应当在分析法学方法论充分发展的基础上,坚持社会本位,向大陆法系奉献一部由总则、物权、债权总则、合同法、侵权法、亲属法、继承法七编结构构成的“世纪法典”。     

Get in line: Do part-time legislatures use sunset laws to keep executive agencies in check

Sunset provisions are clauses embedded in legislation that cause a piece of legislation or a regulatory board to expire on a certain date unless the legislature takes affirmative action to renew the legislation or board. Supporters and legislators offer several reasons why sunset laws are valuable and useful. An article by Baugus and Bose (2015), reported on the king-and-council model of Congleton (2001), suggests that sunset laws are a key tool legislatures use in asserting themselves against an executive branch that often dominates state government. We investigate this possibility using empirical analysis, which suggests that part-time legislatures, specifically, a form of part-time legislature referred to as hybrid legislatures, are more prone to use sunset legislation as a tool to keep the executive preferences in check.     

妇女文学的长时段考察——从王萌《禁锢的灵魂与挣扎的慧心——晚明至民国女性创作主体意识研究》说起

长期以来,在中国传统妇女文学研究中,人们习惯于用现代的认知方式观察传统,运用现代知识阐释传统问题,不可避免地造成对妇女文学的误解和遮蔽,无法正确地看待妇女文学的德性诉求。对这一问题进行梳理和辨析,并探寻对其德性品格进行现代传承的可能性,具有重要的学术价值。     

《民法典·继承编》的人文观照与制度保障

我国《民法典·继承编》编纂几易其稿,民众对其抱有较大寄望与期盼。寄望其展现人文观照情愫,尊重生存价值、维护自主能力、推进实质平等;期盼其完善制度保障体系,彰显继承意愿、提供救济机制、维护继承秩序。人文观照路径,在于完善继承制度与规范配置,回应社会分层现实,彰显继承宗旨,协调继承利益;制度保障路径,在于融贯形式平等与实质平等,解决继承纠纷,回应社会需要。     

优先权制度在我国构建的争论与设想

我国民法体系中没有关于优先权制度的一般性规定,只是在某些特别法和程序法中就特殊社会关系规定了具体优先权。在《物权法》制定过程中,学界对应否规定优先权制度争议较大,但《物权法》最终对此也未作规定。优先权制度具有国内现有担保制度无法替代的特有功能,该制度的缺失使得一些基本的社会利益尤其是特别债权人的利益难以找到适当的制度予以保障。本文认为,我国未来的《民法典》应规定优先权制度以剔除此立法缺陷,但如何构建和设计该制度值得深入研究。     

Constructing Common Regulations of General Part of China's Environmental Code from the Perspective of Legal Order

Order comes first in legal values, while laws should maintain the consistency and stability of order. The proposed China's environmental code (Code) shall restate the prevailing environmental legal norms and optimize the prevailing environmental legal order. From the perspective of stabilizing the legal order, common regulations of General Part of the Code should connect with the constitution and the prevailing environmental laws, determine the legal values of the Code-governing environment, and provide the foundation and basic framework for each subsequent part of the Code. Therefore, common regulations of the Code should recognize and support the constitution order and bolster the emerging eco-environment legal order relating to the eco-civilization construction. They should be coherent, value-orientated, and independent, inheriting the general framework of the prevailing Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and other specific environmental laws, and developing the applicable norms. Specifically, consistently with the legislative purposes, the Code common regulations should recognize the objectives of construction of eco-civilization and pursuit of social, economic and ecological sustainable development, and this pursuit should be carried out based on the basic principles; the application scope of ecological environment should be redefined in order to maintain the ecological value and overall ecological order; the clause on basic environmental obligations and the clause on citizens' environmental rights should be defined with the national environmental protection obligations as the main thread and the multi-player legal relationship as the framework; and the national environmental protection obligations should be preliminarily delivered with three clauses: national environmental protection financial support, environmental publicity and education, and global environmental governance.